How to use
- 1Choose whether the amount you enter excludes VAT (tax base) or includes it.
- 2Select the VAT (KDV) rate: 20%, 10% or 1%.
- 3Pick the type of work from codes 601–627 so the ratio (2/10–9/10) fills in, or choose a ratio from 1/10 to 10/10 manually.
- 4Read the calculated VAT, the VAT withheld, the VAT collected by the seller, the invoice total and the amount payable.
What is VAT withholding (KDV tevkifatı)?
With partial withholding, part of the VAT on an invoice is not paid to the seller: the buyer withholds it and pays it directly to the tax office on VAT Return No. 2 (2 No.lu KDV Beyannamesi). The share is written as a fraction — under 7/10, the buyer declares seven tenths of the VAT and the seller collects the remaining three tenths. Which services and deliveries are covered, and which buyers must withhold, is set by the VAT General Implementation Communiqué; the codes and ratios used here follow the GİB code lists and are listed with their source under the tool.
Worked example
A maintenance and repair invoice (code 603, 7/10) with a 50,000 TRY tax base at 20% VAT carries 10,000 TRY of VAT. The buyer withholds 10,000 × 7/10 = 7,000 TRY and declares it; the seller collects 3,000 TRY of VAT. The invoice total including full VAT is 60,000 TRY, while the buyer actually pays the seller 50,000 + 3,000 = 53,000 TRY. The calculator also works backwards from a VAT-inclusive figure if you only know the agreed total.
Thresholds, codes and who needs it
Partial withholding does not apply when the VAT-inclusive total does not exceed 12,000 TRY, the 2026 invoicing threshold; the tool warns you in that case. Codes 616 and 626 apply only to public bodies and the designated buyers listed in the communiqué. Typical users are foreign-owned companies and their accountants in Turkey, freelancers and agencies invoicing Turkish clients for consulting, cleaning, security, catering, transport or advertising, and finance teams checking supplier invoices. Results are for information; confirm special cases with a Turkish accountant.
Frequently asked questions
How is withheld VAT calculated?
Calculate VAT on the tax base, then multiply it by the withholding ratio (e.g. 7/10). That share is declared by the buyer; the rest is paid to the seller.
Who pays the withheld VAT in Turkey?
The buyer. It declares and pays the withheld part on VAT Return No. 2; the seller collects only the remaining VAT.
Which withholding ratio applies to my service?
It depends on the type of work. Pick it from the list of codes 601–627; ratios range from 2/10 (freight transport) to 9/10 (consulting, cleaning, security and others).
Is there a minimum amount for withholding?
Yes. Partial withholding does not apply if the VAT-inclusive total does not exceed 12,000 TRY in 2026.
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